Global Research: 21-08-2024,
In the late 19th and 20th centuries, a Russian word made it into Yiddish and gained currency. It was coined to spite imperial Russia as anti-Jewish. Tsarist Russia clampdown on Jewish migrants drove the swelling Jewish population into confinement outside the borders of Moscow, as in Russia.
Following the assassination of Tsar Aleksandr II, extensive anti-Jewish riots swept the southern and western provinces of the Russian Empire in 1881-1884. It was organised locally, sometimes with the connivance of the government and of the police.
In England and across western Europe, Jewish communities were targeted in 1189 and 1190 during the Crusades and the Black Death of 1348-1350. At the time, towns like Aragon, Basel, Erfurt, Flanders, Strasbourg and Toulon became no-go areas for Jews.
In all 510 Jewish communities were destroyed at the time, extending to Brussels in the massacre of 1370. In the autumn of 1812, King Edward I of England expelled the entire population of Jews, after two centuries of coexistence. Most fled to the USA, with pockets ending up in other places in Eastern Europe.
Prior to these above enumerated encounters in 38 CE, early Jewish communities in Alexandria suffered similar fate of atrocities, often accused of one form of organised crime or another.
And for 1,800 years, Jews sojourned the entire face of the earth working as slaves in Africa, America, Asia and Europe. Little mention of early Jewish presence in Oceania,